Diagnosis

Recent medical research has shown that periodontal (gum) disease significantly increases risk of heart attack, coronary artery disease, negative consequences on pregnancy and newborns, and other serious medical conditions.  Our office is concerned about the overall health of our patients, not just their dental needs.  In view of these medical implications we are even more motivated towards providing the treatment and preventive skills necessary to maintain your good oral health.

Periodontal disease is diagnosed by Dr. Kamins or our dental hygienists during a periodontal examination.  This type of exam is routinely a part of your regular dental check-up.

A periodontal probe (small dental instrument) is gently used to measure the sulcus (pocket or space) between the tooth and the gums.  The depth of a healthy sulcus measures three millimeters or less and does not bleed. The periodontal probe helps indicate if pockets are deeper than three millimeters.  As periodontal disease progresses, the pockets usually get deeper. The measurements around each tooth are recorded into your dental record and used to track your progress towards dental health. This is a very reliable and objective way to identify and treat potential problems at an early stage.

Dr. Kamins or our hygienists will use pocket depths, amount of bleeding, inflammation, tooth mobility, etc., to make a diagnosis that will fall into a category below:

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the first stage of periodontal disease.  Plaque and its toxin by-products irritate the gums, making them tender, inflamed, and likely to bleed.

Periodontitis

Plaque hardens into calculus (tartar).  As calculus and plaque continue to build up, the gums begin to recede from the teeth.  Deeper pockets form between the gums and teeth and become filled with bacteria and pus.  The gums become very irritated, inflamed, and bleed easily.  Slight to moderate bone loss may be present.

Advanced Periodontitis

The teeth lose more support as the gums, bone, and periodontal ligament continue to be destroyed.  Unless treated, the affected teeth will become very loose and may be lost.  Generalized moderate to severe bone loss may be present.